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The development of Arabic rhetoric (Balāghah) was shaped by several important scholars and classical texts. Al-Jāḥiẓ (776–868 CE) was one of the earliest major thinkers; his book Al-Bayān wa al-Tabyīn discussed eloquence, clarity, and effective expression. Ibn Qutaybah contributed to the study of literary style and meaning through works such as Taʾwīl Mushkil al-Qurʾān
This lecture is part of ARA316 Rhetoric I in the Arabic Studies department. The course has 10 recorded lectures across 5 series, all free to watch. Read or download the ARA316 lecture note to study alongside the video.