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Paradigm shifts in scientific geography refer to the major transformations in the way geographical research is conceptualized, conducted, and interpreted over time. Initially dominated by environmental determinism, geography later embraced quantitative revolution approaches, emphasizing statistical methods and spatial analysis to make the discipline more scientific. This was followed by the rise of behavioral geography and humanistic geography, which highlighted human perception, experience, and meaning in spatial contexts. Later, radical geography and critical geography challenged traditional models by focusing on issues of power, inequality, and social justice. Each paradigm shift not only redefined the methods and theories of geography but also expanded its scope, ensuring the discipline remains dynamic, relevant, and responsive to changing intellectual and societal needs.
This lecture is part of GEO 402 CONTEMPORARY PHILOSOPHY AND METHODOLOGY IN GEOGRAPHY in the Geology department. The course has 30 recorded lectures across 10 series, all free to watch.