LIS 111 — Introduction to Library and Information Science: Lecture Note

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LA-NET | ONLINE LEARNING VIDEO PLATFORM FOR POST-SECONDARY & HIGHER INSTITUTION STUDENTS

LA-NET | ONLINE LEARNING VIDEO PLATFORM FOR POST-SECONDARY & HIGHER INSTITUTION STUDENTS Course Code: LIS 111 Course Title: Introduction to Library and Information Science Course Unit: 3 Units Series 1: Foundations of Library and Information Science Series 2: Philosophical Roots and Theoretical Perspectives Series 3: Origin, Growth, and Scholarly Contributions Series 4: Education and Practice of LIS in Nigeria Series 5: Interdisciplinary Relations and Future Directions Series 1: Foundations of Library and Information Science Series outline Part 1.1: Definition of Core Concepts • 1.1.1 Library • 1.1.2 Information • 1.1.3 Library Science • 1.1.4 Information Science Part 1.2: Scope and Functions of Library and Information Science • 1.2.1 Purpose and Roles of Libraries • 1.2.2 Functions of Information Science • 1.2.3 Integration of Library and Information Science Part 1.3: Importance of Studying Library and Information Science • 1.3.1 Academic Relevance • 1.3.2 Professional Relevance • 1.3.3 Societal Impact Part 1.4: Contemporary Challenges and Opportunities • 1.4.1 Technological Developments • 1.4.2 Globalization and Knowledge Access • 1.4.3 Future Prospects Introduction Libraries and information systems have always played a central role in human civilization, serving as repositories of knowledge and gateways to learning. From ancient collections of manuscripts to modern digital databases, the organization and dissemination of information have shaped education, research, and societal progress. As learners embarking on this course, it is important to first grasp the foundations of Library and Information Science, since they provide the essential building blocks for understanding the discipline as a whole.

LA-NET | ONLINE LEARNING VIDEO PLATFORM FOR POST-SECONDARY & HIGHER INSTITUTION STUDENTS The aim of this Series is to introduce you to the fundamental concepts of Library and Information Science, to clarify its scope and functions, and to highlight the importance of studying and practising the field in today’s world. We shall commence this Series by defining the core concepts such as library, information, library science, and information science. Next, we will examine the scope and functions of Library and Information Science, considering how libraries and information systems operate and integrate. Following that, we will explore the importance of studying Library and Information Science, focusing on its academic, professional, and societal relevance. Finally, we will conclude by discussing contemporary challenges and opportunities, including technological developments and future prospects for the discipline. Series Learning Outcomes Upon completing this Series, you should be able to: • 1.1 define the concept of a library and explain its essential characteristics, • 1.2 define the concept of information and describe its role in knowledge creation, • 1.3 distinguish between library science and information science, • 1.4 explain the scope and functions of Library and Information Science as a discipline, • 1.5 analyse the roles and purposes of libraries in supporting education, research, and community development, • 1.6 evaluate the functions of information science in organizing, retrieving, and disseminating knowledge, • 1.7 assess the academic, professional, and societal importance of studying Library and Information Science, and • 1.8 appraise contemporary challenges and opportunities in the field, including technological developments, globalization, and future prospects. 1.1 Definition of Core Concepts 1.1.1 Library A library is an organized collection of books, journals, digital resources, and other materials, arranged to provide access to knowledge for study, research, and leisure. Libraries serve as gateways to information, offering services such as lending, reference assistance, and digital access. They are often seen as the heart of educational institutions, supporting both teaching and learning. Libraries are not only physical spaces but also virtual platforms where information is stored and retrieved. They embody the principle of preserving knowledge for future generations. Fill in the blank: A ______ is an organized collection of resources designed to provide access to knowledge.

LA-NET | ONLINE LEARNING VIDEO PLATFORM FOR POST-SECONDARY & HIGHER INSTITUTION STUDENTS Figure 1.1 Types of libraries 1.1.2 Information Information refers to processed data that is meaningful and useful for decision-making, communication, and knowledge creation. Unlike raw data, information has context, relevance, and purpose. For example, a list of numbers becomes information when interpreted as exam scores or financial records. Information is dynamic, constantly evolving with new discoveries and technologies. It is the foundation upon which knowledge is built. Fill in the blank: ______ is processed data that carries meaning and relevance. Plate 1.2 Data, information, and knowledge flow

LA-NET | ONLINE LEARNING VIDEO PLATFORM FOR POST-SECONDARY & HIGHER INSTITUTION STUDENTS 1.1.3 Library science Library science is the systematic study of the principles and practices involved in managing libraries. It covers cataloguing, classification, collection development, user services, and the application of technology in library operations. Library science equips professionals with skills to organize resources, facilitate access, and support users in their search for knowledge. It is both a theoretical and practical discipline. Fill in the blank: ______ science is the systematic study of managing libraries and their services. Box 1.1 Key areas of library science 1.1.4 Information science Information science is the study of how information is collected, organized, stored, retrieved, and disseminated. It focuses on the use of technology, systems, and processes to manage information effectively. Information science extends beyond libraries, encompassing fields such as computer science, communication studies, and knowledge management. It is essential in today’s digital age where information is abundant and must be managed efficiently. Fill in the blank: ______ science studies the processes of collecting, organizing, storing, and disseminating information.

LA-NET | ONLINE LEARNING VIDEO PLATFORM FOR POST-SECONDARY & HIGHER INSTITUTION STUDENTS Figure 1.3 Components of information science Pilot questions 1.1 1. Which term refers to an organized collection of resources designed to provide access to knowledge? 2. What is the difference between data and information? 3. Identify two key areas of library science. 4. Which discipline studies the processes of collecting, organizing, storing, and disseminating information? 5. Why are libraries considered gateways to knowledge? 1.2 Scope and Functions of Library and Information Science 1.2.1 Purpose and roles of libraries A library serves as a centre for learning, research, and leisure by providing access to organized collections of resources. Its primary purpose is to preserve knowledge and make it available to users in a structured manner. Libraries play roles such as supporting education, promoting literacy, preserving cultural heritage, and offering recreational reading. Libraries also act as community hubs, providing spaces for collaboration, study, and access to digital technologies. They bridge the gap between information and users, ensuring equitable access regardless of social or economic background. Fill in the blank: The primary purpose of a ______ is to preserve knowledge and make it accessible to users. Figure 1.4 Roles of libraries 1.2.2 Functions of information science Information science focuses on the processes of collecting, organizing, storing, retrieving, and disseminating information. Its functions include designing information systems, managing databases, developing retrieval tools, and ensuring effective communication of knowledge.

LA-NET | ONLINE LEARNING VIDEO PLATFORM FOR POST-SECONDARY & HIGHER INSTITUTION STUDENTS Information science is vital in today’s digital age, where vast amounts of data must be transformed into meaningful information. It supports decision-making, research, and innovation by ensuring that information is accurate, timely, and accessible. Fill in the blank: ______ science involves collecting, organizing, storing, retrieving, and disseminating information. Plate 1.5 Information science functions 1.2.3 Integration of library and information science The integration of library science and information science creates a unified discipline that addresses both traditional and modern information needs. While library science focuses on managing physical and digital collections, information science extends to designing systems and technologies that enhance access and retrieval. Together, they form Library and Information Science (LIS), a discipline that combines theory and practice to ensure efficient knowledge management. This integration is essential for adapting to technological changes and meeting the diverse needs of users. Fill in the blank: The integration of library science and ______ science creates a unified discipline known as LIS. Box 1.2 Integration of library and information science

LA-NET | ONLINE LEARNING VIDEO PLATFORM FOR POST-SECONDARY & HIGHER INSTITUTION STUDENTS Pilot questions 1.2 1. What is the primary purpose of a library? 2. Identify two roles libraries play in society. 3. Which discipline focuses on collecting, organizing, storing, retrieving, and disseminating information? 4. What are two functions of information science? 5. How does the integration of library science and information science benefit knowledge management? 1.3 Importance of Studying Library and Information Science 1.3.1 Academic relevance Library and Information Science (LIS) is academically relevant because it provides the theoretical and practical foundation for organizing, preserving, and disseminating knowledge. Students and researchers rely on LIS principles to access reliable information sources, conduct literature reviews, and manage references. Without LIS, the academic community would struggle to maintain structured access to knowledge. Fill in the blank: ______ provides the theoretical and practical foundation for organizing, preserving, and disseminating knowledge. Figure 1.6 Academic relevance of LIS 1.3.2 Professional relevance The professional relevance of LIS lies in its ability to prepare individuals for careers in libraries, archives, information centres, and knowledge management organizations. Professionals trained in LIS acquire skills in cataloguing, classification, digital

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